Introduction to C#.NET

Introduction:

• C# is pronounced as C Sharp.
• C# is a simple, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language.
• C# is a case sensitive language.
• Every statement ends semi colon.

Object-Orientation:

C# is a rich implementation of objected oriented prototype, which includes

1. Class and Object
2. Encapsulation
3. Abstraction
4. Inheritance
5. Polymorphism

 Class:

Class is a collection of members.It contain fields, properties, methods, operators, constructors, destructors, events and indexes.

      Syntax for Class:

                       <Access modifier> class <ClassName>

                               {

                                       //Member(s)

                               }

Access Modifiers:

        Access modifiers/Access specifiers are keywords which are specifying or restricting access level or accessibility of a class or class members.

In C#.NET access modifiers are of five types

1. Public
2. Private
3. Protected
4. Internal
5. Protected internal

  Click here for In detail about access modifiers

Object:

Object is a instance of a class.which is used to access the class members.

      Syntax for Object Creation:

         <ClassName> <object name>=new <ClassName>;

    Syntax for accessing a class member with the respective of object:

          <Object name>.<Class members>

Encapsulation:

Keeping data and member functions into a single unit is called as encapsulation. That mans binding the data and member functions into a class or structure is called as encapsulation.

        It can achieve by using Classes and structures. 

Abstraction:

Hiding the irrelevant data and member functions from out side classes and project is called as abstraction.

       It can achieve by using access modifiers.

Inheritance:

Reusing or redefining  the existing class definition is called as inheritance.

.NET supports only single inheritance.

Polymorphism:(One in many forms)

Providing many functionalities to single instance is called as polymorphism. 

       It can achieve by overloading concepts.

Memory Management:

C# relies on the run time to perform automatic memory management. The CLR has a garbage collector that executes as part of program, reclaiming memory for objects that are no longer referenced. This frees programmers from explicitly deallocating the memory for an object.